Examine the Key Ideas Associated with Law and Punishment

Examine the key ideas associated with equity and retaliatement Law and penalization go hand in hand. There atomic number 18 Laws, which ar the administration of rules which a particular uncouth or community recognises as regulating the actions of catchers, and thither be punishments, for when a member of verbalize country/community breaks the rules. Punishment is defined as the infliction of a penalty or to bowel movement pain for an offence.Most of the time it is non a choice as to whether you atomic number 18 part of a jurisprudence-following community be event almost all countries in the origination build some kind of constabulary-system and often the minute you turn the eld where you are legally responsible or step off the boat, mo non matchless or train you are subjected to their impartialitys. The Biblical views on punishment live often been based on the old testament t to each oneing an warmheartedness for an eye. The bible excessively lays out punishm ents for certain crimes that appear to follow this teaching. Except that in that respect are galore(postnominal) punishments in the bible that take care to be out of proportion to the crime e. . whoever curses his father or his puzzle will be put to death. There are many problems with this statement for warning it does non state how old the son/ female child has to be to deserve this punishment, it fulfilms to imply even a 4 twelvemonth old who does not necessarily know what they are saying batch be put to death for cursing their parents. An eye for an eye is also relevant in todays laws, it is the basis of retri saveive umpire that is present in our nightclub. Retri hardlyive in effect(p)ice is the idea that those who have through with(p) the crime should somehow pay back for what they did.Rachels said battalion deserve to be worked in the same way that they have (voluntarily treated others) This seems like a fair way of treating someone because wherefore someone s hould be allowed to do one thing and then not expect to be treated in the same way? exactly some punishments that are punitive e. g. capital punishment do not seem to bene tote up society and in that respect is a risk of the punishment becoming revengeful not justificative. Retributive justice also causes a problem because it might withstand capital punishment a ordered approach to punishment.I. e. If a person murders it is remedy for them to be killed. And It also arsehole convey the legal system to instead of appearing like someone is creation made to pay back what they have done awry(p) to looking like the legal system is being hypocritical i. e. we are showing society that it is wrong to be lashing by being violent to wrong doers. This is not how we should be teaching large number to not be violent. The punishment also must not be disproportional to the crime e. g. sentencing a small child to death for stealing a sweet from a shop.Some forms of punishment e. g. fin es may be disproportionate because to spate with money a fine does not make any dispute but to someone who has just enough money or just below the money they engage for necessities it tramp be a spacious problem, but on average I think retributive measures helps to make the punishment be proportionate to the crime because the person can be treated the way they treated others. Deterrence is another form of punishment. It subject matter that we should punish for crimes in order to deter others from committing the same crime i. e. f we know what the punishment for an act is we are slight inclined to do it. However there are problems with this because it assumes that the perpetrator had intent and full fellowship of what they were doing was wrong but often violent crimes happen in the arouse of the moment and are not planned and those violent crimes that are mensural are often done by those people who are mentally ill. Also, why should be punish someone for the sake of someo ne else? reformatory justice is becoming more popular in todays society and is the attempt to turn the criminal into a normal law abiding citizen.It is often based on the idea that everyone has an intrinsic appraise simply because they are human and the improvement of humans is considerably. According to deontology this is pricy because rehabilitation prevents people treating others as means. There is also a utilitarian argument for this because helpful justice improves the general quality of life in society. I also would consider that reformative justice is also try to right the inequality in the midst of the rich and poor. People from less rise of backgrounds are more likely to commit crimes due to them having fewer opportunities and less education.Poorer people are also more likely to come from violent backgrounds and and then are more likely to be violent themselves. thusly reformative justice helps make up for this lack of opportunities by whirl classes inside priso ns for example. Although there are many good things about reformative punishments, there are also many problems. Reformation takes away the province for our actions and it does not attempt to right the wrong. This causes problems in itself because if there is no punishment other than reformation then there is no inducement for people not to commit crime, in fact there is almost an incentive to commit a crimeAnd why someone in prison should be getting opportunities that people outside the prison do not get. I would like to think that there is good in everyone but it would simply be impractical to think that we can rehabilitate everyone as some people are simply as well as far at peace(p) and do not want to change. Hobbes philosophised about why we want/ exact laws in society and he came up with an idea called the social flummox theory. This idea was based on his notion that government is an agreement between a group of people where they agree not to hurt each other.This is fuell ed by the motivation of self-interest which according to Hobbes is pertinent because human beings are selfish creatures and therefore seek collective protection. i. e. If I promise not to hurt you and you promise not to hurt me then n each of us gets hurt and were both happy. And this is what Hobbes believes to be the basis of our desire to go for the laws set out by the state we should avoid chaos because it is not in our best interests therefore we should keep the laws. Kant had a similar final result i. e. that we should keep the laws but for a different reason.Kant said that we should act so that you treat humanity, both in your own person and in that of another, of all time as an end i. e. we should keep the laws so that we do not treat others as means to an end. His idea of kingdom of ends states act in union with the maxims of a member giving universal laws for a merely feasible kingdom of ends where the kingdom of ends is a perfect community where all members maintain each other as ends in themselves. This is what we should strive to achieve, and to be made at this we should keep the laws of the community.Therefore we should keep the laws and to keep the laws means that we must punish those that break the law.. Evaluate the view that objectivity and relativism pose problems for the concept of law and punishment. Objectivity states that there are ethical principles that are continuously wrong or always right and they are normally established a priori i. e. without experience. Therefore as there are certain things that are always wrong we need a law to stop people from doing it. This law may be objectively right and its punishment for breaking the law may also be objectively right.Objectivity might support retributive justice Retributive justice is when someone pays back for their crime. This could support objectivity because it needs to be imposed with the consistency that objectivity provides therefore you could argue that Retributive justice o nly works with the objectivity and as retributive justice tends to be favoured in western societies perhaps objectivity does not pose such a problem with law and punishment. Having said this there are still the problems it does cause.Objective ethical principles are established a priori therefore we cannot know them through experience. If we do not know them through experience, how can we truly know if something is right or wrong and therefore how do we know if a law is right whilst using objectivity. Objectivity also does not allow for individual encases, it runs the risk of using a one size fits all policy towards law and punishment and whilst we do need some consistency amongst crimes, one size does not exactly fit all because not every crime is exactly the same normative relativism states that truth and morality is relative to the country/society that one is in and therefore we cannot criticize other cultures as to how they do things. With regards to law and punishment this ge niuss us to the face that there are no definite truths or morals that can be applied in every agency around the world so Punishment is determined according to the country and, if we take it relativism further, according to the circumstances of the case.Hobbes took a relativist view because he said that justice cannot be fixed, and each country/community has different ideas of what law and punishment should be all we should do is aim not be in chaos, not because it is wrong in an objective sense but because it does not serve or self-interest. Relativism may be a good thing because it allows each country to organise punishment as they see fit and there is merit in the systems that other countries have for example some people believe that Iraq was justified in the hanging of ibn Talal Hussein Hussein even though in our society the death penalty is not used.However it does have problems because it means that all forms of punishment are right as long as it is accepted by society e. g. i t would be right to hang a small child for stealing sweets if society thought it was the correct punishment. If punishment is decided relative to the circumstance and there is no consistency we could end up with a justice system where only some people would be punished and this could easily lead to corruption, sexism and racism within the punishment system.It also means that there may be little point of having punishment because if only some cases lead to punishment then punishment would be pointless It would serve no deterrent or retributive purpose. Objectivity and Relativism both have merits and cause problems for law and punishment and I do not think either can work solely on their own because they have too many problems by themselves, but on the other hand I do not know if it is possible for Objectivity and Relativism to work together.Perhaps if the laws are objective but how we punish people is relative to each country, case and persons involved. For example although killing m ay be objectively wrong it may not be appropriate to treat a child who killed someone, an handsome who killed someone by accident and an adult who killed someone out of despise all In the same way although they have all low-toned the same objective rule.